Assignment: Theories To Practice
Assignment: Theories To Practice
Assignment: Theories To Practice
Week 7 discussion Nursing Theory Applied to Research In NR 500, you developed a PICOT question. Select a nursing theory that you find useful in nursing practice. Discuss each of the following selected elements of the PICOT format by applying your selected nursing theory to the element. Be sure to include a scholarly reference. Population/ Patient Problem: Consider how your selected nursing theory may guide you in selecting the population and/or patient problem Intervention: Does your selected nursing theory identify a possible intervention? If not, how is your selected intervention consist with your selected nursing theory? Outcome: How would the outcome of your PICOT study contribute to your selected nursing theory? Would it add new information? Would it confirm some part of the theory?
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Nursing theory — another much dreaded, seemingly forgettable part of the nursing education experience. You memorize the theorists, try to memorize what they stand for and hope to replay it successfully on nursing school exams. And the whole time, if you are like me, you wonder, “what am I going to do with this when I graduate? What I really need to know is how to put in an IV!”
Well, a few years into practice I started to realize that the work I do– the care I provide — is all based on my theory of what is right for my area of nursing — and my theory (ugh, there’s that word) is hardly original. In fact, my personal philosophy for my job, my work ethic, my behavior and treatment of my patients all fall into the realms of a few specific nursing theorists I was forced to study in school. It seems they built my framework for being a careful, conscientious, caring RN.
There are many different theories of nursing, but let’s take a look at some of the most prominent, and the nurses who developed them:
Virginia Henderson: Often called “the Nightingale of Modern Nursing,” Henderson was a noted nursing educator and author. Her “Need Theory” was based in practice and her education. She emphasized the importance of increasing a client’s independence to promote their continued healing progress after hospitalization. Her definition of nursing was one of the first to mark the difference between nursing and medicine. “The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible. She must in a sense, get inside the skin of each of her patients in order to know what he needs.”
Martha Rogers: Rogers honed her theory through many years of education. She was not only a diploma nurse, she held a Master’s of Public Health from Johns Hopkins University and completed her Doctorate of Nursing there as well. She saw nursing as both a science and an art. Rogers’ theory is known as that of the Unitary Human Beings. Nursing seeks to promote symphonic interaction between the environment and the person, to strengthen the coherence and integrity of the human beings, and to direct and redirect patterns of interaction between the person and the environment for the realization of maximum health potential. Her development of this abstract system was strongly influenced by an early grounding in arts and background of science along with her keen interest in space.
Dorothea E. Orem: Known as the Self-Care Theory, Orem’s vision of health is a state characterized by wholeness of developed human structures and of bodily and mental functioning. It includes physical, psychological, interpersonal and social aspects. Her major assumptions included that people should be self-reliant and responsible for their own care and the care of others in their family. She said that a person’s knowledge of potential health problems is necessary for promoting self-care behaviors. Orem defined nursing as an art, a helping service and a technology.
Betty Neuman: The System Model, developed by Neuman, focuses on the response of the client system to actual or potential environmental stressors and the use of several levels of nursing prevention intervention for attaining, retaining and maintaining optimal client system wellness. Neuman defines the concern of nursing is preventing stress invasion. If stress is not prevented then the nurse should protect the client’s basic structure and obtain or maintain a maximum level of wellness. Nurses provide care through primary, secondary and tertiary prevention modes.
